P(x > a) - Probability that x is greater than a P(x >= a) - Probability that x is greater than or equal to a P(x < a) - Probability that x is less than a P(x <= a ...

Abstract: In this letter, we derive the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the minimum of two non-central Chi-square random variables with two degrees of ...

In today's education system, you might see a new type of question in your exams– competency-based questions. Unlike traditional questions that just ask you to remember facts, these questions want you ...

Download PDF More Formats on IMF eLibrary Order a Print Copy Create Citation In forecasting economic time series, statistical models often need to be complemented with a process to impose various ...

Xenophobia (ZEE-no-foe-bee-uh) is dislike, hatred, or fear of outsiders. This can manifest as hostility toward immigrants, but it can also manifest as hatred toward members of another tribe, culture, ...

Abstract: The Poisson-binomial probability density function (pdf) describes the numbers of successes in N independent trials, when the individual probabilities of success vary across trials. Its use ...

A guide with examples for learning this key idea in options trading Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive ...

On May 29, 2024, a New York court found Donald J. Trump guilty on 34 felony accounts. In April, delegates to the Wyoming Republican State Convention unanimously nominated Trump to be elected president ...

The need to convert PDF documents into more manageable and editable formats like markdowns is increasingly vital, especially for those dealing with academic and scientific materials. These PDFs often ...