X-ray diffraction (XRD, MiniFlex II; Rigaku Corporation, Japan) was analyzed using Brag-Brentano geometry (θ − 2θ) and Cu-K α radiation. The diffractograms were refined using the Rietveld method using ...

X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 0.01 and 10 nanometres. X-rays offer an important method for investigating the atomic structure of crystalline materials ...