It's an extension of the Program Compatibility Assistant Service, which watches executables as they run and checks to see if they're trying to pull off operations in an older fashion.

The Program Compatibility Assistant will detect the limitations of an older program and automatically make adjustments so the program can run. It might, for example, switch to 256-color mode or ...

So, when you attempt to install this version of the Windows ADK on a system with SecureBoot enabled, the Windows Program Compatibility Assistant displays the following warning: ...