Considering that the traditional SPD that has been extensively used on single-phase AC power supply lines requires to be assembled by more protective components, a simplified circuit is proposed in ...

Calculations of power and energy are relatively straightforward when the subject is strictly dc circuits. The situation is more complex in the ac world, however.

Editor's Note: Here's another take on the transformerless AC line power supply, which finds use in some well-insulated, low-power devices. Our technical reviewer pointed out that C ac should be an ...