TCP/IP also is a layered protocol but does not use all of the OSI layers, though the layers are equivalent in operation and function (Fig. 2). The network access layer is equivalent to OSI layers ...

Getting a handle on the invisible part of your network—the protocols that are in use—can be of enormous value in helping you detect problems.

When protocols are developed by organizations such as, IEEE, ANSI, or the ITU-T, for example, they are inserted into the appropriate layer of the model (see Figure 2). What makes this so nice is that ...

This paper explains the 2 popular reference models: OSI reference model and TCP/IP model, by comparing the functionality of each layer in both models.

Internet Protocol The IP protocol is so adaptable that it has become a common denominator in many communication environments. Physical layer interfaces pass their messages to upper layers that end up ...

What does Ethernet and TCP/IP actually mean? Find out inside PCMag's comprehensive tech and computer-related encyclopedia.

Other Protocols There are other incidental protocols that you'll run into from time to time. The three most common of these would be Remote Procedure Call (RPC), used by Pre-E2K Exchange boxes, X.400, ...