\({\log _a}a = 1\) (since \({a^1} = a\)) so \({\log _7}7 = 1\) \({\log _a}1 = 0\) (since \({a^0} = 1\)) so \({\log _{20}}1 = 0\) \({\log _a}p + {\log _a}q = {\log _a ...

A polynomial is an algebraic expression involving many terms and can be factorised using long division or synthetic division. Laws of logarithms and exponents Revise what logarithms are and how to use ...

Self-normalized processes arise naturally in statistical applications. Being unit free, they are not affected by scale changes. Moreover, self-normalization often eliminates or weakens moment ...

Reproduced from type-written copy. siris_sil_168358 ...