The next day, under the beating sun, the ice melts and trickles the cracked fragments away. Repeated swings in temperature can also weaken and eventually fragment rock, which expands when hot and ...

The waters surrounding these sea ice fragments are rich in phytoplankton ... very low minimum sea ice extent thanks to the increasing effects of human-caused climate change.

That provides crucial information about the effect ... ice cap was formed 34 million years ago. The discovery had long puzzled researchers. In 2017, they found around the island of South Orkney ...