The entropy score of an observed outcome that has been given a probability forecast p is defined to be -log p. If p is derived from a probability model and there is a background model for which the ...

Entropy and information theory offer a robust quantitative framework for decoding the complexity inherent in landscape patterns. By drawing from principles in thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, ...

If someone tells you a fact you already know, they’ve essentially told you nothing at all. Whereas if they impart a secret, it’s fair to say something has really been communicated. This distinction is ...