The beating heart of most electronic systems today is the crystal oscillator. While devices based on microelectromechanical-system (MEMS) technology are definitely making inroads in this application, ...

Appropriately cut quartz crystals can be used as high-quality electromechanical resonators. Their piezoelectric properties (voltage across the crystal deforms it; deforming the crystal generates a ...

Today, the majority of electronic circuits (including microprocessors, microcontrollers, FPGAs, and CPLDs) are based on clocked logic, requiring a timing source. Depending on the frequency accuracy ...

Using this Pierce-oscillator circuit, users can test and verify the basic operation of a crystal in parallel-resonance mode. It allows the user to calculate and set the critical external capacitor ...