Interestingly, CTLA-4 knockout mice and mice that lack expression of CTLA-4 just in T REG develop fatal, early-onset lymphoproliferative disease. 1,4 In addition, expression and signaling of CTLA ...

The most common immune checkpoints include the following. Due to the inhibitory effects of CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-1 ligands on the immune response, researchers early on proposed that blocking these ...

Two neoadjuvant immunotherapy combinations for head and neck cancer substantially increased the response rate versus a single ...

AstraZeneca's lengthy and turbulent development of CTLA4 inhibitor tremelimumab has at least led to a regulatory approval as part of a combination therapy for advanced liver cancer. Tremelimumab ...

Anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 are common drugs in treating cancers like melanoma ... such as targets for PD-1 and lymphocyte activation gene-3. “There is a lot of room to expand Cyclone to precisely ...