In algebra, letters are used when numbers are not known. Algebraic terms, such as \(2s\) or \(8y\), leave the multiplication signs out. So rather than \(2 \times s\), write \(2s\), and rather than \(8 ...

Expanding brackets means multiplying everything inside the bracket by the letter or number outside the bracket. For example, in the expression \(3(m + 7)\) both \(m\) and 7 must be multiplied by 3: ...

NCERT aims to provide accurate historical context in math education, moving away from colonial perspectives in line with NEP 2020.